The supply chain management (SCM) is a critical framework for coordinating business processes across multiple entities, including suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers. This article explores the main stages of the supply chain—sourcing, manufacturing, distribution, and consumption—and their integration to deliver products efficiently to consumers. It examines how these stages interact to minimize costs while meeting customer demands. Additionally, the study categorizes supply chains into three types: industrial, commercial, and service-based enterprises, highlighting their distinct operational characteristics. Using the tuna supply chain as an example, the article illustrates global coordination among fishing fleets, intermediaries, manufacturers, and retailers, emphasizing the role of transportation workers. Drawing from established literature, the analysis underscores the importance of intra- and inter-organizational synergy in modern supply chain management. The findings aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of supply chain dynamics for students and practitioners in business and logistics.
